Study the chapter summaries from the lecture textbook and your instructor's old sample exams - especially if they contain multiple-choice questions. Review your notes - both PowerPoint notes and the ones you took in class. Work as many of the end-of-chapter problems as you can. If you have taken laboratory courses (Chemistry 354-355), reviewing the material pertaining to specific reactions you did as part of that class may be helpful also. The topics listed below are generally covered in the one-year organic chemistry lecture series. My recommendation is that you use the topic list in conjunction with the textbook and your old exams and notes.
Structure and Bonding
Lewis structures, molecular orbitals, hybridization
Nomenclature of organic compounds (mostly IUPAC)
Conformations of organic molecules
Stereoisomerism and Chirality
Fischer projections, cis-trans isomers, E/Z isomers, enantiomers, meso compounds,
Diastereomers, absolute configuration (R/S), relative configuration (D/L)
Resonance and Electron Delocalization
Acids and Bases
Strength of acids/bases (pKa), inductive vs. size vs. resonance effects
Addition reactions
Addition of HX, Markovnikov's rule, halogenation, hydrogenation, oxymercuration and
Hydroboration of alkenes/alkynes, Diels-Alder reaction
Elimination reactions
E1 vs. E2, Saytzeff's rule, E1cb elimination, Hofmann elimination
Substitution reactions
Sn1/Sn2, leaving group ability, nucleophilicity, solvent effects,
Conversion of alcohols to leaving groups
Carbocation rearrangements
Infrared Spectroscopy (IR)
Modes of vibration, vibration frequency of common functional groups
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR)
Chemical shift and equivalence, spin-spin splitting
Oxidation and Reduction reactions and reagents
Organometallic reagents
Alkyllithiums, Grignard reagents, cuprates
Carbonyl chemistry
Aldehydes and Ketones (preparation, nucleophilic addition to C=O), carboxylic acids
Acid derivatives and their inter conversions, substitution next to C=O, enolates
Condensation reactions
Aromatic Substitution Reactions
Electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS), activating/deactivating substituents
Direction effects